Problems of sleep, depression, quality of life in adolescents with TMD diagnosis

Karla Christina Amaral de Pinto Costa1Orcid, Stela Maris Wanderley Rocha2Orcid, Danilo Antonio Duarte3Orcid, Kelly Maria Silva Moreira4Orcid, José Carlos Pettorossi Imparato5Orcid, Victor Cavallaro Bottesini6Orcid, Giselle Rodrigues de Santanna7Orcid

Highlights

Adolescents with TMD are at a greater risk of developing depression and they suffer a greater impact of these on their quality of life.
The quality of life can be affected by an inappropriate level of sleep, which might cause social withdrawal, anxiety and low self-esteem.
More attention should be given to this patient group by preventing and controlling the progression of dysfunction as well as providing more comprehensive treatment and multidisciplinary interaction.

Abstract

Aim: To verify the relationship between temporal-mandibular dysfunction (TMD) with depression, sleep, sleepiness and quality of life in adolescents aged 13 to 18 years old. Methods: Thirty-eight adolescents being seen at the UFAL Dental Clinic (Federal University of Alagoas), for TMD, and qualifying according to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC / TMD), participated in the study. Two instruments were used to investigate sleep quality: the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS); the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) for quality-of-life assessment; and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) for depression assessment. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used for the relationship of numerical variables. For the means tests, the Student t test was applied (using, when necessary, the Welch correction). For the analyses, the Bonferroni correction was considered. Results: After calculation, αBonferroni correction was applied equal to 0,0005. Of the total number of participants (56% female and 44% male), with a mean age of 14.7). In all comparisons between groups (with and without TMD), there were statistically significant indices for adolescents with TMD in relation to: depression (p=5.6∙10-11), quality of life (p=4.3∙10-12), sleep quality (p=5.0∙10-10), and somnolence (p=0.0002). From the correlation matrix, it was observed that all correlations were significantly positive and moderate. Conclusions: Adolescents with a diagnosis of TMD presented an increase of depression and somnolence, as well as impairment of sleep quality and quality of life, and these same variables can influence on the onset of TMD.

Keywords: Adulthood; Temporomandibular Dysfunction; Temporomandibular Joint

Author Affiliations

  1. Postgraduate student. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic College. Campinas, Brazil
  2. Professor. Department of Stomatology, Federal University of Alagoas. Alagoas. Brazil
  3. Professor. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic College. Campinas, Brazil
  4. Postgraduate student. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, State University of Campinas. Piracicaba, Brazil
  5. Professor. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of São Paulo. São Paulo, Brazil
  6. Undergraduate student. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, APCD. São Paulo, Brazil (✉ Correspondence: victorbottesini@gmail.com)
  7. Professor. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic College. Campinas, Brazil
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Article Info

Contemp Pediatr Dent 2021:2(2):101-112

Received: 29 July 2021

Accepted: : 07 September 2021

Online First: 08 September 2021

DOI: 10.51463/cpd.2021.71

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					Karla Christina Amaral de Pinto Costa, Stela Maris Wanderley Rocha, Danilo Antonio Duarte, Kelly Maria Silva Moreira, José Carlos Pettorossi Imparato, Victor Cavallaro Bottesini, Giselle Rodrigues de Santanna. Problems of sleep, depression, quality of life in adolescents with TMD diagnosis. Contemp Pediatr Dent 2021:2(2):101-112.

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